PART IV. Die Errors:

Clashed Dies:

Multiple Clash Marks:

Chatter clash

Definition: A closely-spaced group of clash marks reflecting an uninterrupted series of die clashes, with slight die movement of the hammer die between each impact. Most cases of chatter clash reflect a sideways movement of the hammer die. Very rarely does one encounter a case of rotational chatter clash.

This 1998 cent was struck by a hammer die that was horizontally misaligned toward the northwest. The die shift was incremental, with a clash occurring after each change in position. The result is at least 5 sets of clash marks moving in the southeast direction on the obverse face.

This double-struck 1994 Indian 2 rupee coin features several sets of rotational clash marks on the reverse face. The absence of clash marks on the obverse face suggests that this die was switched out before the strike that generated this coin. Since the obverse die functioned as the hammer die in this press, and since most die rotations affect the hammer die, it stands to reason that it was the hammer die that underwent an incremental rotation during the series of clashes reflected on the reverse face.